Is this the prophet Mohammad sunnah to keep practicing the fasting of asurah.? Not, conventional saunah by Yazid?
Nowadays, a class of people are promoting the observance of fasting on the day of Ashura as a very important and virtuous sunnah fast in Ashura-centric discussions. Did the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) actually observe this fast? Various traditions are presented as evidence of the mentioned fast, from which it is tried to prove that fasting on the day of Ashura is a virtuous Sunnah fast. However, there are many hadiths in those books of hadith which express the complete opposite idea of the hadiths presented by them. And all those hadiths prove that all the hadiths centering on the fast of Ashura are included in the fabricated hadiths.
Now note: The hadith on the basis of which the mustahab fatwa is issued on the day of Ashura is as follows:
(1) Following the pre-Islamic age of ignorance, the Prophet (peace be upon him) fasted on the day of Ashura:
عن عائشة رضی الله عنها قالت: کان یوم عاشوراء تصومه قریش فی الجاهلیة, وکان رسول الله صلی الله علیه وسلم یصومه, فلما قدم المدینة صامه, وامر بصیامه, فلما فرض رمضان ترک یوم عاشوراء, فمن شاء صامه, ومن شاء ترکه
Narrated Aisha: She said that in the age of ignorance, the Quraish used to observe the fast of Ashura and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to observe this fast. When he arrived in Medina, he observed this fast and instructed to observe it. When the fast of Ramadan was made obligatory, the fast of Ashura was abandoned, whoever wished to observe it and whoever wished not to observe it. [Sahih Bukhari / Chapter: 1251. Fasting on the day of Ashura / Hadith No. 1876]
(2) The Prophet (peace be upon him) did not know anything about fasting related to Ashura !!
حدثنا ابو معمر حدثنا عبد الوارث حدثنا ایوب حدثنا عبد الله بن سعید بن جبیر عن ابیه عن ابن عباس – رضی الله عنهما – قال قدم النبی – صلی الله علیه وسلم – المدینة. فَرَاَي الْيَهُودَ تَصُومُ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ. فَقَالَ «مَا هَذَا. قَالُوا هَذَا يَوْمٌ صَالِحٌ. This is the day when God will save the children of Israel from their enemies. فَصَامَهُ مُوسَی. قال «فَانا اَحَقُ بِمُوسَى مِنْكُمْ. فَصَامَهُ وَاَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ
Narrated Ibn ‘Abbas: When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, arrived in Madinah, he saw that the Jews were fasting on the day of Ashura. He was surprised and asked: What’s the matter? (Why do you fast on this day?) They said, ‘This is a very good day. On this day, Allah saved the Children of Israel from their enemies, so Moses (peace be upon him) fasted on this day. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, “I am closer to Moses than you are.” Then he fasted on that day and ordered to fast. [Sahih Bukhari / Chapter: 1251. Fasting on the day of Ashura / Hadith No. 1878]
Review of the above two hadiths
The above two hadiths are contradictory hadiths. Because (1) In the first hadith, it has been narrated from Ayesha, the mother of believers, that the fast that the Quraish used to follow following the age of ignorance is the same as the fast of the Prophet (peace be upon him) in the life of Makkah [thirteen years]. Observes fasting. When he arrived in Medina, he abandoned the fast related to Ashura due to the instruction to observe the fast of the month of Ramadan, and the observance of the fast of Ashura became an optional matter.
But (2) in the second hadith it is said that the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not know about the fast of Ashura before his arrival in Medina and when he came to know about it through the Jews after his arrival in Medina, he asked with great astonishment; Why do they fast on this day? Glad to hear their answer, he started fasting and instructed others to fast too !! Now let us look at the third class hadith.
(3) Fasting on the day of Ashura is abandoned immediately after the fast of the month of Ramadan has become obligatory.
On the authority of Ibn ‘Umar, may God be pleased with him, he said: وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لاَ يَصُومُهُ ،
Abdullah Ibn Umar (R) said: The Prophet (PBUH) used to fast on the day of Ashura and instructed to fast. However, when fasting during the month of Ramadan became obligatory, the fast of Ashura was abandoned. Abdullah Ibn Omar did not observe the fast of Ashura. [Sahih Bukhari / Volume 3 / Page 24/ Hadith No. 1892 / Kitabul Saom Fasting in the month of Ramadan
(4) The consent of the Prophet (peace be upon him) to the observance of the Shari’ah of Judaism by the Prophet (peace be upon him):
وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُحِبُّ مُوَافَقَةَ اَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ فِيمَا لَمْ يُؤْمَرْ فِيهِ بِشَيْ ءٍ ….
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) preferred to follow the Shari’ah of the People of the Book (Jews and Christians), especially in cases where there was no revelation from Allaah. [Sahih Bukhari / 4th volume / 269 pages / Hadith No. 3558]
(5) The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) instructed fasting on the occasion of Ashura, but he did not observe it himself.
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) commanded fasting on Ashura and not fasting
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) instructed Ashura to fast, but he did not fast himself. [Ibn Hazar Hisami / Majmauz Jawaid / Volume 3 / Page 187]
Brief review
(1) Historically it has been proved that the calendar of the Jews of that time was according to the solar year. And the Arabic year is according to the lunar year. Therefore, the Yom Kippur Day of the Jews on October 10 can never be the same day as the day of Ashura. Every 36 years, Ashura and the Yom Kippur Day of the Jews on October 10 will be together. So, according to the hadith of Sahih Bukhari, if one wants to fast on the occasion of Yom Kippur Day of the Jews, then he has to fast on the 10th of October, which has nothing to do with Ashura. And if the Jews want to fast on the day of Ashura on the occasion of Yom Kippur Day, then he has to fast on the day of Ashura every 36 years.
(2) Rasulullah (peace be upon him) entered Madinah on Monday 12 Rabiul Awal. And from here the calculation of the Hijri year begins. The first month of Ramadan is six months after the arrival of the Prophet (peace be upon him) in Medina and Muharram is nine months later. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) received the divine instruction to observe fasting in the first year of the Hijra in Islamic law. According to the hadiths of Sahih Bukhari and Muslim, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) abstained from fasting on the day of Ashura. Now the question is 6 months after going to the holy Medina, Ramadan and 9 months after Muharram, so after arriving in Medina, the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not get any opportunity to observe the day of Ashura on the occasion of Eid of the Jews.
1. Moharram Muharram
2. Safar tour
3. Robiul Awal Rabiul Awal
4. Rabius Sani Rabius Sani
5. Jamadiul Awal Jamadiul Awal
. Jamadius Sani Jamadius Sani
. Rajab Rajab
. Shaban Shaban
9. Ramjan Ramadan
10. Shawal Shawal
11. Jelkad Jilkad
12. Jilhaj Jilhaj
(3) The method of fasting of the Jews from evening till the evening of the next day is therefore 24 hours which is completely different from the method of fasting of the Muslims. Therefore, it is undoubtedly an act against the Shari’ah of the Muslim Ummah. Therefore, the Prophet (peace be upon him) can never do such an illegal act.
(4) The most interesting thing is that Rasulullah is the bearer and preacher of the best Shari’ah in the world, so it is unthinkable that he will follow a different Shari’ah. If you think that you will fast before the command of the Almighty, especially in matters of worship, then there is a doubt in many other aspects of the Islamic Shari’ah that there may be many rules and regulations of the Islamic Shari’ah that have been borrowed from different religions. Or imported from outside the command of Almighty Allah. Therefore, it cannot be believed that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) voluntarily copied such a law from the Jewish tradition !!
The fast of Ashura was born through the Bani Umayyads
Imam Zafar Sadiq (a.s.) said: If the ummah is against them, may God curse them, and if they are aware of the killing of Hussein from the people of Syria, make a vow to kill Hussein (peace be upon him) from the exit to Al-Hussein (peace be upon him). For them, that is Yasumwa Fih Shukra.
The Umayyads [may the curse of Allah be upon them] and the people of Syria vowed to kill Imam Husain (as). Their vow was that if they could kill Imam Husain and keep their masnad among the descendants of Abu Sufyan, they would observe Eid on that day and fast in the court of Allah to express their gratitude. [Sheikh Tusi (Rah :), Amal Granth, page 667]
